5 major factors of power transformer burnout
Transformer is the core equipment in the power system. It has so many names: power transformer, shell type transformer, distribution transformers, dry type transformer, etc. It can even be easily confused with inverters in the field of solar power.
Its function is to convert high-voltage electrical energy into low-voltage electrical energy. The converted voltage can meet the user's electricity demand.
However, the phenomenon of burning out will occur during the operation of the transformer, which will not only cause the failure of the power system but also cause economic losses to the users. So, what causes the transformer to burn out? Let's discuss it in detail below.
1. Current overload
The rated capacity of the transformer is determined according to its design specifications. If the rated capacity of the transformer is exceeded during use, the current will be overloaded, which will cause the transformer to burn out.
For example, when the load current exceeds the rated capacity of the transformer, it will cause problems such as transformer oil temperature rise and winding temperature rise, and in severe cases, the transformer winding may burn out.
2. Winding short circuit
A winding short circuit refers to the electrical connection between two adjacent conductors in the transformer winding, which may be caused by insulation damage of the winding, external force impact, etc.
When the winding short circuit occurs, the current will increase sharply, which will lead to problems such as winding overheating, insulation aging, etc. It may cause the winding to burn out in severe cases.
3. Insulation aging
The insulating material of the transformer will gradually age after long-term use, especially in harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and high humidity, the insulation aging will be faster.
When the insulation aging is serious, it will lead to a decrease in the insulation strength, which will cause a discharge phenomenon in the circuit. This discharge may form a short-circuit arc, which will cause the winding to burn.
4. Oil spoilage
The main function of transformer oil is heat dissipation and insulation. If the quality of the oil is unqualified, seriously polluted, or not replaced for a long time, the performance of the oil may be reduced or even deteriorated, which will reduce the insulation performance of the transformer and lead to the failure of the transformer. malfunction and burnout.
5. External damage
Transformers may be damaged by external forces during transportation, installation, and use, such as vibration and impact. These external forces may cause damage to transformer insulation, winding displacement, wiring