Dry-type transformers, as key equipment in modern power systems, have a direct impact on the safety of the entire power system with their operational stability. With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous growth of power demand, the application range of dry-type transformers is constantly expanding. They can be seen everywhere, from commercial complexes to data centers, and from rail transit to industrial production. However, during long-term operation, various faults are inevitable in dry-type transformers. These faults not only affect the normal operation of the equipment itself but may also trigger a chain reaction, causing the entire power system to collapse. Therefore, having a deep understanding of the common fault types of dry-type transformers and mastering the corresponding prevention and treatment measures are of great significance for ensuring the stable operation of the power system.
Analysis of Common Fault Types of Dry-Type Transformers
The faults of dry-type transformers can mainly be divided into three categories: winding faults, core faults, and external faults. Winding faults are the most common type, mainly manifested as winding short circuits, open circuits, and insulation aging. Among them, winding short circuits are often caused by the aging of insulating materials or mechanical damage, which can lead to local overheating of the transformer and may even cause a fire in severe cases. Core faults are mostly characterized by multi-point grounding of the core and core overheating. These faults will lead to an increase in transformer losses and a decrease in efficiency. External faults mainly include cooling system faults and external short circuits. Cooling system faults will directly affect the heat dissipation effect of the transformer, while external short circuits may cause serious current impact on the transformer.
The occurrence of these faults is often not accidental but the result of the combined effect of various factors. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and pollution level, operating conditions such as load condition and voltage fluctuation, as well as the manufacturing quality and maintenance level of the equipment itself, will all affect the operating state of the transformer. For example, in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, the insulating materials of the transformer are more prone to aging; under long-term overload operation, the temperature rise of the winding will accelerate the deterioration of insulation.
Fault Prevention and Treatment Solutions
For the common faults of dry-type transformers, systematic preventive measures need to be taken. During the installation stage, it is necessary to ensure that the transformer room has good ventilation conditions and maintain appropriate temperature and humidity. In daily operation, the load rate should be strictly controlled to avoid long-term overload operation. Regular maintenance is the key to preventing faults, which includes regularly cleaning the surface of the windings, checking the status of fasteners, and testing the insulation resistance.
The application of fault diagnosis technology can greatly improve the efficiency of fault handling. Infrared thermography technology can timely detect local hot spots, vibration analysis technology can detect the mechanical state of the core and windings, and partial discharge detection can effectively evaluate the insulation condition. The application of these technologies enables us to detect and deal with problems in the early stage of faults.
Establishing a sound fault emergency handling mechanism is equally important. It is necessary to formulate detailed emergency plans, including fault judgment process, treatment steps, and safety measures. Regularly organize emergency drills to improve the emergency response ability of operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, a spare parts management system should be established to ensure that key components can be replaced in a timely manner.
Against the background of digital transformation, the operation and maintenance management of dry-type transformers has also ushered in new development opportunities. By installing intelligent sensors, the operating status of the transformer can be monitored in real time; using big data analysis technology, the remaining life of the equipment can be predicted; with the help of the Internet of Things platform, remote monitoring and diagnosis can be realized. The application of these technologies not only improves the accuracy of fault prevention but also greatly enhances the efficiency of operation and maintenance.
The stable operation of dry-type transformers is an important guarantee for the safety of the power system. By having a deep understanding of fault types, taking scientific preventive measures, using advanced diagnostic technologies, and establishing a sound emergency mechanism, we can completely control the fault risk at the lowest level. With the continuous development of intelligent operation and maintenance technology, the operational reliability of dry-type transformers will be further improved, providing stronger support for the safe and stable operation of the power system. Let us join hands and use our professionalism and wisdom to guard the safety of electricity, and provide a reliable power guarantee for the development of the economy and society.
Leave A Comment